"outward" meaning in Middle English

See outward in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈuːtward/, /ˈuːtwaːrd/ Forms: owtward [alternative], outwarde [alternative], owtwarde [alternative], owȝtwarde [alternative], outeward [alternative], utward [alternative], utteward [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ūtweard}} Old English ūtweard, {{af|enm|out|-ward}} out + -ward Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} outward, {{enm-adj}} outward
  1. outside, outer, on the surface
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-wPNSUKh3
  2. outward, toward the exterior
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-CPBvYHts
  3. Oriented towards the outside.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-F~xpg3y0
  4. Due to outside factors.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-dQVObIyL
  5. In somewhere outside a given place or thing (especially of a country).
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-xfESK-Sr
  6. Non-religious; lay
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-z~8AvkX5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: outwardly

Adverb

IPA: /ˈuːtward/, /ˈuːtwaːrd/ Forms: owtward [alternative], outwarde [alternative], owtwarde [alternative], owȝtwarde [alternative], outeward [alternative], utward [alternative], utteward [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ūtweard}} Old English ūtweard, {{af|enm|out|-ward}} out + -ward Head templates: {{head|enm|adverb||||{{{2}}}|head=}} outward, {{enm-adv}} outward
  1. outside (in the exterior)
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-b82YzmHZ
  2. To an external location; outwards
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-7MeTqJh5
  3. At the exterior; at a location away from one's home or homeland
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-hg9X9-mm
  4. From an external perspective; seemingly.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-ZjRcIP6Q
  5. secularly; in a practical manner.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-~TahpOce
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: outwardes

Noun

IPA: /ˈuːtward/, /ˈuːtwaːrd/ Forms: owtward [alternative], outwarde [alternative], owtwarde [alternative], owȝtwarde [alternative], outeward [alternative], utward [alternative], utteward [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ūtweard}} Old English ūtweard, {{af|enm|out|-ward}} out + -ward Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} outward
  1. The outside; the exterior Categories (topical): Religion Related terms: homward, inward
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-noun-MFkrxnRh Disambiguation of Religion: 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 73

Alternative forms

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  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outwardes"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
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          "expansion": "English: outward",
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    },
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          },
          "expansion": "Scots: outward",
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      "text": "Scots: outward"
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        "3": "-ward"
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      "name": "af"
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  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "owtward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "outwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "owtwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "owȝtwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "outeward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
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      "tags": [
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      ]
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      "args": {},
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  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
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        "outside (in the exterior)"
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      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-b82YzmHZ",
      "links": [
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        ]
      ]
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          "outwards",
          "outwards"
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        "At the exterior; at a location away from one's home or homeland"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-hg9X9-mm",
      "links": [
        [
          "home",
          "home"
        ],
        [
          "homeland",
          "homeland"
        ]
      ]
    },
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      "glosses": [
        "From an external perspective; seemingly."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-ZjRcIP6Q"
    },
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      "glosses": [
        "secularly; in a practical manner."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-~TahpOce",
      "links": [
        [
          "secularly",
          "secularly"
        ]
      ]
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  ],
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    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

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  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "owtward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "outwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "owtwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "owȝtwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "outeward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "utteward",
      "tags": [
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      "args": {},
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "outside, outer, on the surface"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-wPNSUKh3",
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        "outward, toward the exterior"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-CPBvYHts",
      "links": [
        [
          "outward",
          "outward#Middle_English"
        ],
        [
          "exterior",
          "exterior"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Oriented towards the outside."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-F~xpg3y0"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Due to outside factors."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-dQVObIyL",
      "links": [
        [
          "factors",
          "factors"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In somewhere outside a given place or thing (especially of a country)."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-xfESK-Sr"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Non-religious; lay"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-z~8AvkX5",
      "links": [
        [
          "lay",
          "lay"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

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      "expansion": "Old English ūtweard",
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        "alternative"
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        "alternative"
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      "form": "utward",
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        "alternative"
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  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 73",
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          "orig": "enm:Religion",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
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        "The outside; the exterior"
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        ],
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        ]
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          "word": "homward"
        },
        {
          "word": "inward"
        }
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      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
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}
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        "alternative"
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        "alternative"
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      "form": "owȝtwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
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    },
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      "form": "utward",
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        "To an external location; outwards"
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      "links": [
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          "outwards",
          "outwards"
        ]
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        "At the exterior; at a location away from one's home or homeland"
      ],
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          "home",
          "home"
        ],
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          "homeland",
          "homeland"
        ]
      ]
    },
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      "glosses": [
        "From an external perspective; seemingly."
      ]
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        "secularly; in a practical manner."
      ],
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        [
          "secularly",
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      ]
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      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
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    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

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        "alternative"
      ]
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      ]
    },
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  "lang": "Middle English",
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        "outward, toward the exterior"
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          "outward",
          "outward#Middle_English"
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          "exterior",
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    {
      "glosses": [
        "Oriented towards the outside."
      ]
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      "glosses": [
        "Due to outside factors."
      ],
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        [
          "factors",
          "factors"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In somewhere outside a given place or thing (especially of a country)."
      ]
    },
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        "Non-religious; lay"
      ],
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        [
          "lay",
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      ]
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  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "owtward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "outwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "owtwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "owȝtwarde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "outeward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utteward",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "outward",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "homward"
    },
    {
      "word": "inward"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The outside; the exterior"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "outside",
          "outside"
        ],
        [
          "exterior",
          "exterior"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

Download raw JSONL data for outward meaning in Middle English (5.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.